Hay fever treatment UK: tablets, sprays and when to start

Hay fever (seasonal allergic rhinitis) affects millions of UK adults each spring and summer. The right combination of tablet, spray and lifestyle steps usually controls symptoms without needing to miss work or sleep.

What causes hay fever in the UK?

Tree pollen peaks March–May, grass pollen May–July, and weed pollen later in summer. Your immune system overreacts to harmless pollen grains, releasing histamine — causing sneezing, itching and congestion.

Best hay fever tablets

Non-drowsy antihistamines taken once daily are the first-line choice for most adults. They reduce sneezing, runny nose and itchy eyes within 1–3 hours.

Sedating antihistamines can help night-time symptoms but cause drowsiness — avoid driving if affected.

When to add a nasal spray

If congestion dominates, a steroid nasal spray used daily for 2–3 weeks gives better relief than tablets alone. Technique matters — ask a pharmacist to check your spray angle.

Eye drops for itchy eyes

Antihistamine eye drops target ocular symptoms directly — useful when tablets are not enough.

When to see a GP

Book review if:

• Asthma symptoms worsen with hay fever
• No improvement after 2 weeks of regular treatment
• Symptoms occur year-round (may be perennial rhinitis)

See Sanara’s hay fever programme for pharmacy supply options.